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Passaic ( 〔(AP-News Pronunciation Guide L-R ), KRGV-TV, June 10, 2012. Accessed August 16, 2012. "Passaic -- puh-SAY'-ihk"〕 or 〔Martin, Jim. ("Jim Martin" ), ''Schenectady Gazette'', June 3, 1970. Accessed August 16, 2012. "When you have to run 20 miles a day through a corridor of urban sprawl without bumping Into Hackensack, South Orange (pronounced 'Arnj'), Passaic (pronounced 'Puh-sake'), Cedar Ave., Nutley or the Delaware-Lackawanna tracks, you are a human being of extraordinary determination."〕) is a city in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a total population of 69,781,〔〔〔 maintaining its status as the 15th largest municipality in New Jersey with an increase of 1,920 residents (+2.8%) from the 2000 Census population of 67,861,〔(The Counties and Most Populous Cities and Townships in 2010 in New Jersey: 2000 and 2010 ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 19, 2011.〕 which had in turn increased by 9,820 (+16.9%) from the 58,041 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed August 14, 2012.〕 Located north of Newark on the Passaic River, it was first settled in 1678 by Dutch traders, as Acquackanonk Township. The city and river draw their name from the Lenape word "pahsayèk" which has been variously attributed to mean "valley" or "place where the land splits."〔Cunningham, John T. (''This is New Jersey'' ), p. 67. Rutgers University Press, 1994. ISBN 978-0-8135-2141-1. Accessed January 27, 2015. "Passaic was a Lenape word, too. Some say it meant 'place where the land splits' or 'place where the river splits'. Others claim the word meant 'valley' to the Lenape."〕〔("Passaic" ), Lenape Talking Dictionary. Accessed January 27, 2015.〕〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed September 16, 2015.〕〔Gannett, Henry. (''The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States'' ), p. 239. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. "Passaic; county, city in same county, and river in New Jersey; derived either from the Indian word, ''passaic'' or ''passajeek'', 'valley,' or from the Indian equivalent of 'peace'."〕 ==History== The city originated from a Dutch settlement on the Passaic River established in 1679 which was called Acquackanonk. Industrial growth began in the 19th century, as Passaic became a textile and metalworking center. Passaic was formed within Acquackanonk Township on March 10, 1869, and was incorporated as an independent village on March 21, 1871. Passaic was chartered as a city on April 2, 1873.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 210. Accessed March 14, 2012.〕 The 1926 Passaic Textile Strike led by union organizer Albert Weisbord had 36,000 mill workers leave their jobs to oppose wage cuts demanded by the textile industry. The workers successfully fought to keep their wages unchanged but did not receive recognition of their union by the mill owners.〔Lurie, Maxine N.; and Mappen, Marc. ("Passaic textile strike" ), ''Encyclopedia of New Jersey'', p. 617. Rutgers University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8135-3325-2. Accessed August 28, 2011.〕 Passaic has been called "The Birthplace of Television".〔(UCLA Film and Television Archive Television Programs Preserved 1988–2000 ). University of California, Los Angeles. Accessed February 18, 2007.〕 In 1931, experimental television station W2XCD began transmitting from DeForest Radio Corp. in Passaic. It has been called the first television station to transmit to the home, and was the first such station to broadcast a feature film. Allen B. DuMont, formerly DeForest's chief engineer, opened pioneering TV manufacturer DuMont Laboratories in Passaic in 1937, and started the DuMont Television Network, the world's first commercial television network, in 1946. The Okonite company began manufacturing electrical cable here in 1888, with early uses of the company's insulated wires including some of the earliest telegraph cables and the wiring for Thomas Edison's Pearl Street Station in Lower Manhattan.〔(WIRE AND CABLE MANUFACTURERS SINCE 1878 ), The Okonite Company. Accessed August 28, 2011.〕 In 1992, the voters of Passaic Township in Morris County voted to change the name of their municipality to Long Hill Township, to avoid confusion between the City of Passaic and the largely rural community away, as well as association with the more urban city.〔Nieves, Evelyn. ("How Green Was My Passaic, Now Long Hill" ), ''The New York Times'', December 3, 1992. Accessed August 28, 2011. "No one used to mind when the City of Passaic and the Township of Passaic, 22 miles away, were confused.... Passaic Township, as bucolic as New Jersey gets, began to wear its name like an itchy sweater. Residents tired of explaining the difference between their remote green stretch of southern Morris County and urban blight."〕 Passaic is served by two newspapers, ''The Record'' and ''Herald News''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Passaic, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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